Oversight patterns

• Pre-authorization; dual-control approvals; review-with-override; post-hoc sampling; emergency kill-switch.
• Choose patterns per risk and context; publish when and how the pattern changes.

Operator capability & training

• Competency matrix; onboarding; scenario drills; bias awareness; security hygiene; escalation rehearsals.

UI cues & explainability

• Explainability suitable for the decision; clear uncertainty; provenance/citations for RAG; warnings for limits.

Authority to intervene

• Real buttons: override, downgrade, pause; documented criteria; no retaliation for safety actions.

Evidence & handoffs

• Approvals/overrides logged with reason and user; handoffs to specialists captured with outcomes.

Supervision testing

• Simulated escalations; time-to-intervention; accuracy of decisions; false approvals; fatigue effects.

Scaling oversight safely

• Workload limits; queue health; sampling strategy; second-line review for complex/edge cases.

Outsourcing & vendors

• Provider qualifications; IP/confidentiality; incident SLAs; training requirements; shadow audits.

Metrics & audit

• Oversight accuracy; override rate; latency; error correction effectiveness; fairness checks on overrides.

Governance & accountability

• Named accountable executive; documented policy; regular forum reviews; independent assurance.

Oversight ↔ PMM

• Operator flags feed incident register; CAPA updates oversight pattern and training content.

Implementation checklist

• Pattern chosen; authority implemented; UI cues present; logs auditable; training and drills scheduled.

© Zen AI Governance UK Ltd • Regulatory Knowledge • v1 05 Nov 2025 • This page is general guidance, not legal advice.